Europeans and Americans killed countless Naive Americans through war, starvation, neglect, even hunting.The frequently stated claims of ‘no immunity’ have no substance. Titled ‘Virgin Soils Revisited’, it makes a compelling case for the complexity and messiness of history and against trusting simplistic explanations.These are some crucial points that Jones makes:Though epidemics did bring rapid decimation to many native groups, these ‘European’ infectious diseases did not monopolize the mortality. In 2003 Jones wrote a seminal article relooking at some of the received wisdom regarding mortality in Native American populations after the arrival of Europeans. (I might disappoint those who wish to know an ‘exact’ answer to this particular Q, but hopefully will give enough material to think about health inequities/disparities, the basic reason behind why mortality rates varied so much between early European colonizers and Native American populations.)My answer is derived wholly from the research and arguments of Professor David Jones, historian of medicine at Harvard Medical School. My intervention here is thus to provide an alternative framework to look at mortality and disease in Native Americans after the arrival of Europeans. Native Americans were not as much “wiped out” by European germs and diseases as by the European-triggered disruption in their already precarious social order and personal lives, especially agriculture and subsistence. I try to argue that the question is perhaps based on a notion of immunological superiority/inferiority - and thus needs to be reframed. Describe how other tropical countries such as Malaysia and Singapore have developed rich economies despite having many of the same geographical and health problems faced by African nations.This answer discusses the urgent need to revisit and modify some of Guns Germs and Steel, and 1491, and Crosby, et al. According to statistics from the fi lm, how has Malaria effected the net growth in Africa over the last 50 years?ġ0. How has disease contributed to the poverty in many African countries such as Zambia?ĩ. What is the number one public health problem in Zambia, and who are the people primarily affected by this?Ĩ.
How has the colonization of Africa created countries riddled with disease? Giveħ. How did the native Africans protected themselves from the germs that caused diseases such as Smallpox and Malaria? Give specifi c examples cited in the fi lm.Ħ. Describe how these germs worked against the European settlers.ĥ. While the Europeans who were attempting to overtake/settle the tropical areas of the African continent were responsible for introducing killer germs to the native populations, they also suffered from the effects of the germs native to this part of the world. How did disease allow the Europeans to conquer the native populations in the Americas and in the African cape?Ĥ. Why were the Europeans who settled the South African cape so successful? Describe two reasons.ģ. According to Jared Diamond, what is the one factor that allowed Europeans to develop the forces necessary to conquer vast portions of the world?Ģ. Be prepared to discuss your answers with the class.ġ. Record your answers to each question by providing as many facts, details, and examples as possible to answer each question. Name:_ Date:_ĭirections: Before viewing the fi lm, read each question below so you know what information and ideas you should be looking for as you watch Episode 3.
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